A study of Toxic Effects of chitrak (Plumbago zeylenica Linn)

 Title:-A study of  Toxic Effects of chitrak (Plumbago zeylenica Linn)

          Dr. Chirmalla Sujata S. had submitted her dissertation in 1998 Year, for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology). Her guide was Dr. J. K. Barde & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India & submitted to University of Pune.

            Dr. Chirmalla had done an experimental study of Chitrak to see the toxic effect of chitrak by studying LD50 & to observe the side reactions & toxic reactions by using normal chitrak & purified (Suddha) chitrak with their comparative effects.

          The purification (Shuddhi) of chitrak was done by soaking it in lime water overnight. Raw chitrak root skin powder was used to see the toxic effects on albino rats & to estimate LD 50; the data showed that chitrak was non toxic. It had no lethal dose. Its acute toxicity was not seen on animal trial by oral administration. To check the toxicity on local application on skin & tongue, Purified & non purified chitrak root skin was applied on the skin of human volunteers. The data showed that it was highly irritant (100%) & showed burning sensation lasts for 25-30 minutes on taste. This intensity was reduced by purification process (50%).

          The research was concluded as follows- 

When Chitrak root skin powder was used in Albino rats orally ,to estimate LD 50 ,Chitrak was found Non Toxic .

1)    Chitrak was a non toxic drug.

2)    Chitrak used in crude form is safer than plumbagin (The active principle) in isolated form.

3)    The alkaline media (lime water) used with chitrak was found to have positive effects.

A study of Krumighna (Pesticidal) Property of koshamra seeds (Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken.)

  

            Title: A study of Krumighna (Pesticidal)  Property of koshamra seeds (Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken.)

          Dr. S. S. Khilari   had submitted her dissertation in 1998 Year, for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology). Her guide was Dr. A. P. Deshpande & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India. This thesis is written in English & submitted to University of Pune.

            Dr. Khilari   had done an experimental study of koshamra seeds

 (Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken.) to find out its pesticidal (Krumighna) activity against the insect of stored food grain.

          This experimental study was carried out on 2 types of food grains, sorghum & green gram, which was common & the insects selected was also common, namely S. oryzae & C. maculates.

          The 100 Gms sample of sorghum & green gram was taken in plastic jars & mixed with powder at concentration of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 gm.  In each replicate 10 adult insects were released. Control group of both untreated 100 gm food samples was also included.

          o.05 g. of test drug powder was taken in 2 different plastic jars & 10 same adult insects were released in jars & dead insect count were taken at the intervals of every 24 hrs days in both samples.

          The research work was concluded as follows –

1)    The data indicated that koshamra seed powder was 100% effective against all S. oryzae & C. maculates at all concentrations in both the samples.

2)    The motility of insects in both the treated samples has become less within 24 hrs.

3)    There is no change in number of insects for 5 days in both the untreated samples.

4)    There is no growth observed in koshamra treated food grain.

5)    Heavy infestation & damage of grain was observed in both the untreated samples after 40 days.

In short koshamra seeds showed Incecticidal (Krumighna) property due to  its pungent, bitter taste.

The Literary study of Vasa ( Adhatoda Vasica)

            Title: The Literary study of Vasa ( Adhatoda Vasica)  

          Dr. A. P. Deshpande   had submitted his dissertation for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology) & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India. This thesis is written in English & submitted to University of Pune.

          Dr. Deshpande had done compilatory work on vasa (Adhatoda vasica). He had collected all literary references from Ayurvedic texts & Modern books.

           The research work was concluded as follows –

          Vasa is abundantly available in India, hence it was cheap & was drug of choice in Rakta pitta ( Haemorrhagic diseases ) & Cough ( kasa) , Bronchial asthma ( Shwasa), Pulmonary cavitations ( Kshaya ).

Market Products like Vasavaleha ( Jam of Vasa) or Vasakasav can be used .

It has very promising future as an oxytocic & as abirtificient action.

The study of efficacy of Ingudi Phala Majja (Fruit pulp) (Balanites aegyptica Linn) in the management of Chloasma (Vyanga)

Title: The study of efficacy of Ingudi Phala Majja (Fruit pulp) (Balanites aegyptica Linn) in the management of Chloasma (Vyanga)

          Dr. J. A Jadhav had submitted her dissertation for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology). Her guide was Dr. Tanuja Nesari & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India. This thesis is written in English & submitted to University of Pune.

          Dr. Jadhav  had done single blind randomized controlled parallel design clinical trials on 60 patients of chloasma ( Vyanga) to assess the efficacy of  Ingudi phala .

          These 60 patients were divided into two groups,

30 patients in group A -- ( Treatment group ) received fruit pulp of  Ingudi ( phala majja) for external application once in a day  for 21 days  &

 30 patients in group B ( Control group) received drug Hydro quinone 4% for external application in the same manner. Follow up of both patients were studied on 36^th day.

          Criteria for assessment were colour photographs, fairness meter test & gradations on the basis of colour, distribution & average area in cm of the pigmentation was measured.

          The research work was concluded as follows –

Application of Ingudi phala majja externally for Chloasma was effective in reducing colour, distribution & average area in centimeter in chloasma in 21 days & persistent in 36 days ( Which was better than the hydroquinone 4% cream )

A study of Varnashodhaka karma of sariva (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.)

           Title: - A study of Varnashodhaka karma of sariva (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.)

          Dr. G. S. Tillu had submitted his dissertation for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology). His guide was Dr. Tanuja Nesari & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India. This thesis is written in English & submitted to University of Pune.

          Dr. Tillu had done single blind controlled clinical trials of Sariva

(Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.) to screen the wound cleaning (Varnashodhaka

 karma) property of Sariva ointments in 15 patients of vrana.

          Total 30 patients were divided in two groups as

Group A – Sariva ointment (study Group) and

Group B – Povidon iodine (Control Group)

 for external application for the duration of 7 to 14 days to the patients having wound.

          The research work was concluded as follows –

Sariva Ointment when used externally for 1 to 2 weeks for wound dressing ,reduced burning & pain at wound ,more better than Povidine iodine ointment  

1)    Sariva ointment was effective as wound cleaner (Varnashodhaka).

2)    The drug was significantly reduced symptoms, odour, burning & pain more than povidine iodine ointment.

In short sariva was effective to clear floor of wound discharge & inflammation as good as betadine ointment.

Study of medhya effect of shankhpushpi with special reference to behaviour disorders in Adolescent age group.

 Title:- Study of medhya effect of shankhpushpi with special reference to behaviour disorders in Adolescent age group.

Dr. A. M. Kapse   had submitted her dissertation in 2005 Year, for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology). Her guide was Dr. Tanuja Nesari & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India. This thesis is written in English for MUHS.

Dr. Kapse had done single blind control clinical trial to assess cognition enhancing (Medhya) effect of shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis) on 90 patients.

For that study, shankhpushpi tablets to group A was given in dose 3 gms/day in two divided doses for the duration of six months. Group B was control group in which tablets of shankhpushpi bheda (Evolvulus alsinoides Linn) in same dose & duration was given.

The group C was placebo group was received starch powder by same manner.

The scales used for assessment of the effect were –

A)  Behavior profile

-         standardized symptom checklist (SSCL)

-         Child Behavior checklist –Standard version ( CBCLSV)

B) Effect on cognitive function by NVIT

C)  Effect on metal faculties by NIMHANS proforma.

Criteria of assessment were according to relief of symptoms of behavior disorders, improvement in functions of mana & reduction of manodharniya Vega & improvement in PR.

The research was conclude as follows –

Tab Shankhpushpi  1.5 Gm BD for 6 months showed effective relief in symptoms of behavior disorders of adolescent age group.

1) Convolvulus pluricaulis type of shakhapi showed significant results due to its cognition enhancing (Medhya) & manasarogahar activity.

2) The test drug showed effective relief in symptoms of behavior disorders of adolescent age group.

3) It had been more effective in enhancing grasping capacity & intellectual power

(Dhi & dhruti).

:- Study of Medhya (cognition enhancing) effect of Dadima phala (Punica granatum Linn) in healthy adolescents

           Title:- Study of Medhya (cognition enhancing) effect of Dadima phala (Punica granatum Linn) in healthy adolescents.

          Dr. B. A. Mokashi had submitted her dissertation in 2008 Year, for the P.G. degree M.D. Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology). Her guide was Dr. Tanuja Nesari & research center was Tilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Pune (M.S.) India. This research was submitted in English language for Maharashatra University of Health Sciences.

          Dr. Mokashi had done o Prospective, Single blind, controlled, randomized, parallel design clinical study on 60 healthy individuals of adolescent age group.

          The students were divided into two groups –

1)   Group A – Study group of Dadimavaleha

2)   Group B – Vehicle control group of sugar syrup.

The drugs was given to the students in dose of 10 ml twice a day orally in Rasayana kala i.e. morning ( approx 7-8 Am) & Nishakala ( approx 9-10 pm) for the duration of 6 months.

The research work was concluded as follows –

Pomegranate juice 10 ml BD for 6 months ,showed significant effect on IQ

1)         There is significant improvement in I.Q. in group A as compared to group B.

2)          Out of 12 sub tests of I.Q. the information & vocabulary tests showed significant improvement. It may be because of improved functions of udana vayu.

3)         Improvements in I.Q. suggests that Dadima by its sweet taste

(Madhura rasa), nourishes & enhances brain (Dhi, Dhruti & smruti) & ultimately grasping power (Medha). It has pitta prasadana action on sadhaka pitta (normalizes sadhaka type of pitta.) By sour taste (Alma rasa), it enhances sadhaka type of pitta, which contributes to its medhya action.

4)         Psychomotor  performance was assessed by two sub tests-

a)    digit letter substitution test (DLST )

b)    Six letter cancellation test (SLCT)

Significant difference is observed in psychomotor performance score after six months of test drug Group A.

     In short dadima was effective in improving psychomotor performance. This is a coordinated action of mind (mana) Brain (Buddhi) & five senses (Karmendriya.) Thus it can be stated that dadima is effective in improving above said factors.